Conclusion and Future Recommendation for my project...

Automatic smoke absorber machine is type of machine that have own function where to save the environment by reducing the air contamination that come from open burning process. while I mention for open burning process, it means the smoke that come from open burning process does not have heavy particles in the smoke compared to industry smoke; for example smoke from factory.

so that, for future recommendation, if this machine want to apply to the factory, the contain of water that want to be mist out to filter the smoke must have some chemical particles to react with the chemicals smoke, so that, neutralisation process will happen and the smoke will be neutralized and the air contamination will reduce by that process.

other than that, filter in the Automatic smoke absorber machine can be replaced with some filter more compact. for example I want to filter the smoke that contain with the fully with oil, which means the particles in the smoke have oily and it cannot be filter easily by using sponge or water because the density of oil and water are different. here, I suggest to filter the smoke using compact dust and shaping it in filter type. so the oil particles can be filtered with the type of filter.

my conclusion is, I had achieved my objectives where this machine can reduce the air contamination and Automatic Smoke Absorber Machine have been done and can be apply to personal home especially.

INDUSTRIAL DAY on 8th November 2012...

today is the day that every final year student including me waiting for, where they need to present their work to assessor and public. today is very nervous day for me. my assessor are NHMY( Nur Hidayah Mohd Yunus) and HMD ( Hisham Mat Desa). below is the picture of me with my project

that is me with my project

on that day, time I need to be assess from 10 am  until 12.30 noon.

my assessor are very nice to me.

my presentation day are being well to me.

and I got my satisfaction for my Industrial Day.

re-design the poster for INDUSTRIAL DAY...

before this I already design my poster but it is not fulfil my satisfaction and I alter it back to give something more creative and attractive. below is the design of my new poster..

here it is my new poster...colour of my poster more attractive compared before.

the content of my poster also have been alter to make the contents is compact with the important information.

testing the project

after finish up the project, it's time to test the functionality the system of the project. Alhamdulillah, the project  running as expected  before. To do some backup while presentation day, I added new input and combine the sensor input and switch input by using OR gate which means if either one of the input running, the process will continue run usually. What I means here, in the hall, the students are not allowed to used the firing material because it can activate the alarm system in the hall, so that the switch function to give input for the system without doing burning process so supply smoke to the MQ2 sensor.

figure above is the image of backup input switch on the control system board

the figure shows the AC fan running out while the input switch pressed ( or smoke sensor send the output) and at the same time, water pump 1 and water pump 2 will pumped the water to supply source for water mist system. Three system are work together while get the input signal.

the three system are work about 20m=20seconds delay time.. after that the green bulb will blow up to shows the smoke are clean about 90% because last stage sensor did not give any output, which means the smoke on the last stage cannot be detected and it means the smoke in clean situation.

from the estimation, the result shows like below:-

that the result that i can get from the estimation of my "Automatic smoke absorber machine".

real image of my complete machine

on the post before, I've shown my incomplete "Automatic smoke absorber machine", but on this post, I will show off my real image of my complete machine. Below are the image:-

Automatic smoke absorber machine on the front view with the water tank

on the back view of machine

control system board stay under the machine, surface on the water tank

on the side view ( last stage) where exhaust fan located and behind the exhaust fan had sensor where functioning to sense the quality of air for the last stage.

all the part of my machine are completed, so it can be test before present it on Industrial Day on 8th November 2012.

alter the PLC program...

in the post before, I've put my PLC program, but while running the programme, it's not fulfil the specification for my main objective. So that, the programme have been alter by adding edge triggered wiping relay and remove the on delay from the programme.

Edge triggered wiping relay Short description

 An input pulse generates a pre-set number of output pulses with a defined pulse/pause ratio (re-trigger able), after a configured delay time has expired.

above is the programme that have been altered by adding edge triggered wiping relay where the pulse for the red line is about 20m which equal to 20 seconds.

above is the last result output while the programme run. after the 3 system function simultaneously ( water pump 1, water pump 2, exhaust fan) about 20 seconds, the last output will get out  with the green color where shows the smoke at the last stage are not dirt, if the smoke on the last stage still dirt, last sensor will shows the red color of LED. the red LED are not programme through PLC Logo because the sensor was in separate system. It just to show the smoke still dirt or not.

added new simple circuit to project

smoke sensor MQ2 used DC supply to operate,the output from sensor cannot be entered to PLC Siemens Logo because that things used  AC supply to operate, so that I need to convert output from MQ2 to AC form. I need to combine the comparator circuit with relay to the output of MQ2, then the input for Siemens Logo can be operate normally in AC form.

above is the circuit for the comparator design. the output from the comparator circuit will be connected to relay and the output from the relay will connect to the input for the PLC Logo. To construct this circuit, it needs amplifier OP07 with the variable resistor and 1k ohm resistor.

Voltage comparator is a circuit which compares two voltages and switches the output to either high or low state depending upon which voltage is higher. A voltage comparator based on opamp is shown here. Fig1 shows a voltage comparator in inverting mode

In non inverting comparator the reference voltage is applied to the inverting input and the voltage to be compared is applied to the non inverting input. Whenever the voltage to be compared (Vin) goes above the reference voltage , the output of the opamp swings to positive saturation (V+) and vice versa. Actually what happens is that, the difference between Vin and Vref, (Vin – Vref) will be a positive value and is amplified to infinity by the opamp. Since there is no feedback resistor Rf, the opamp is in open loop mode and so the voltage gain (Av) will be close to infinity. So the output voltage swings to the maximum possible value ie; V+. Remember the equation Av = 1 + (Rf/R1). When the Vin goes below Vref, the reverse occurs.

So that, the output from the comparator circuit can be supported by the AC voltage because the voltage gain  close to infinity.

the program using Siemens LOGO ( programmable relays)

image above is the example of the LOGO programming.

LOGO programming is the easy programming to be program because it just use logic gate to program.

LOGO programming is the alternative to replace the relay circuit that more complicated and need to build much circuit to function it. this system can be insert 4 input and maximum output are 8 output.

image above show the first simulation for the first counter. the counter count for 20 minutes before the circuit follow up for the next function. red wire in the circuit shows the simulation running but in blue wire means that the system hold until the counter finish to count.

added new part to the machine

image above is the top view of the machine after the water mist system and water pump connect together

on the side view of the machine after connecting water pump and water mist system.

on the next time, the complete image of the system together with the system will be uploaded to show the real of smoke absorber machine. now, I am doing the the control system using Siemen's LOGO programmable relays.

real hardware before install the system

above is the side view of the hardware before the installation of the control system

image above is the other side views of the hardware(machine) together with the stand of the machine

the real machine are not totally same with the illustration before because the design of the machine must be suit with the size all the part that need to combine to finished.

bottom of the stands will located the tank as the water supply for water mist system. the picture of full machine will be uploaded later.

smoke sensor MQ-2

Sensitive material of MQ-2 gas sensor is SnO2, which with lower conductivity in clean air. When the
target combustible gas exist, The sensor’s conductivity is more higher along with the gas concentration
rising. Please use simple electrocircuit, Convert change of conductivity to correspond output signal of
gas concentration.
MQ-2 gas sensor has high sensitity to LPG, Propane and Hydrogen, also could be used to Methane
and other combustible steam, it is with low cost and suitable for different application.

Characters of the sensor

*Good sensitivity to Combustible gas in wide range                                                  
* High sensitivity to LPG, Propane and Hydrogen                                      
* Long life and low cost                                          
* Simple drive circuit

Applications

 Domestic gas leakage detector
* Industrial Combustible gas detector
* Portable gas detector


MQ2 will be applied to the beginning of the machine where functional as sensor. when the sensor operate, the output will be connected to the control system to operate the others system.

Design Poster and Submit to Supervisor.

Poster is one of the most important things while doing Final Project. It is important while presentation day. So that, this week for designing the poster that must be submit to supervisor. It is important to submit to supervisor before print it because supervisor can complain and alter some mistake that have done. Below is the poster for the first designing and final poster.

above are the poster that not finished yet

above are the final poster.

above are the poster of automatic smoke absorber machine.

Choose Siemens Logo Programmable Relay as a Control System

Siemens Logo Programmable Relay is one of the program boards that will use for control system in this machine. In process to order the relay from Siemens Company, work still on while doing the hardware parts.  Below is the example image of Siemens Logo Programmable Relay. This system contains of programmable relay board, down-loader and software.

relay above are have 8 inputs and 4 outputs. to program this relays, it using logic gate programming. 

Re-do the hardware

Hardware that have been prepared last time did not fulfil the satisfaction of Supervisor ( En. Abdul Halim Abd Rahman). The hardware must be doing back. The problem with the previous hardware is not following the ideal specifications. All the size has been reconfiguring back for make sure it looks more professional. The thick of the prospect have been changed to 2mm.

 For information, the sensitivity for 2 mm prospects is very high, it easy to crack. Along the process to complete the chamber of machine, it must do in carefully. To cut the shape of machine in the right measurement, it has sent to the professional person. It need a week to finish the shape.. on the next week, the part machine will be taken and will complete by own.

The machine are along 95 cm width and 45 cm in height. This machine in model size, but actually this machine can be build in two main size that suits for factory or personal home. so that, in model size, it suit for home users. 

the photos of the hardware will be upload later..:)

Second part while doing Automatic Smoke Absorber Machine

welcome back to new semester.. :)

hardware for this project was in progress, just a few part had finish but must be alter time by time..
there's a lot thing must do to finish this machine. this machine I build in model size, which means in a very small size compare to real size.

this machine size is around 20 inch width and 15 inch high.. material for this machine model is using  prospect  whereby it is so easy to design it and much less cost compared to heat resistance material that need high cost to buy and to cut that things.



p/s: I am very sorry to my supervisor ( Sir Halim) for not see him along semester break because busy with my short course and working session.. :)

Progress report done :)

today, progress report for chapter 1, 2 and 3 had done. I already submitted to my supervisor ( Sir Abdul Halim).

Thank you..:)

preparing for progress report...:)

Before final exam (before week16), I must submit progress report for first 3 chapter.

 Chapter 1 is about introduction to the project. In this chapter, it consists of:-
-  project background
- project statements
- objective
- scope of the project / limitations
- summary of the chapter 1

Chapter 2 is about literature reviews that must story about the project before that have similarities with my final year project, the contains of chapter 2 are:-
- history of the project ( previous work & present work)
- reviews of history
- summary of the chapter 2

Chapter 3 are about methodology. in this chapter, it will explain properly about the project from the beginning until the end. In this chapter, we must include :-
- Introduction of the chapter
- block diagram + explanation
- hardware & development
- software development
- summary of the chapter

Thanks you..:)

Presentation week..:)

A little bit nervous to present in front of the assessors. the date for presentation is on 12th april 2012 and the venue at Gemilang Hall. My  assessors are the Dr. Zulkhairi and Madam Nurul, because of less preparation for myself plus nervous, I can't answer the question properly. but it is okay for me because it can give some lesson to prepare more on next presentation for Final Year Project 2.

Thank you..:)

preparing slide..

for presentation on next week, I have prepare some slide to present to assessor.
inside the presentation slide, it consists of abstract, introduction of the project, problem statement why the project build up, methodology ( block diagram and  technical drawing for the project), objectives, benefits and contribution and lastly conclusion. other than that, work plan for this project must be exists to show our project progress.

thank you..:)

new block diagram and technical drawing for hardware..

BLOCK DIAGRAM PROCESS

TECHNICAL DRAWING FOR HARDWARE

gantt chart..

this is my work plan for my final year project

new proposal...part 2

ii)water mist system

-          -This water mist will neutralized the smoke to become water drop which means all the smoke that have been absorb from burning process will spray out with this system.

-        -  High pressure water mist system need to be used for easiest controlling.

iii) heat resistance material

-          This heat resistant is to build up chimney or shaft as a way to smoke move from place of burning to other stage.

-          Fire and heat resistant materials are available, starting with crucibles for melting of various metals with different melting points. The abundant line up includes products made of alumina, magnesia, zirconia, and other materials.

• Materials: Alumina, mullite, magnesia, zirconia, spinel, graphite, silicon nitride, and silicon carbide

iv)pump set

-          To use the water mist system, it is combination with the pump set that function as a water pump to circulate the water to reuse the water.

-          This water will increase the pressure of water that will be sprayed out.

OBJECTIVES

   -          To build one multifunction machine name as automatic smoke absorber machine.

      -          This machine absorbs the smokes automatically by using water mist or water spray.

-          To build one product that can act to save environment from worst and disaster.

BENEFITS OR CONTRIBUTIONS

      For this machine or this product, there have some benefits and contributions that will distinguish.  

The benefits are, it can save environment from pollution and build another one technology that

very useful to people. These findings will give a lot of chance to make up our industry on top 

stage and give a lot of working chance to community in a country. It is because, while build up a 

new product, the process to realize the product needs a lot of power and capital. From this, more

people will make an investment to this product. Indirectly,  this product not just give contribution

in technology part, but also for investment sector.

BUDGET

No	Material	Price
1	AC Axial Blower fan  12V	RM 50
2	Heat resistance stove duct smoke	RM 150
3	Water mist tract	RM 100
4	Pump	RM 100
5	Hardware	RM 150
6	Circuit	RM 100
	TOTAL	RM650

CONCLUSION

For the conclusion, the product name as automatic smoke absorber machine. The main focus to build up this machine is to create something new that very useful to most of the people around the world that very loved to breathe in the good air. It is a multifunction machine. This machine will pull up the smoke that comes from burning process and absorbed the smoke with the neutralization process using water mist/ water sprays. This machine is an environmental concept. Main focus to build this machine to save our environment that more and more worst day by day. As a lover to healthy environment, by build up this machine for my final year projects. I hope I can fulfil my wish as I planned and I want propose for this title. The reason why I propose for this title because, there have a lot of advantages come from this product. Firstly, this product is environmentally friendly and it is very need for our world today. I can’t make any comparison with other product because from my research, I did not found any product that has similar function with this project. So, here I want declare that my project or product is one of new innovation in technology part.

REFERENCES

i.               Acid Rain Program 2007 Progress Report, United States Environmental Protection Agency, January 2009.
ii.             Karassik, Igor J.; Messina, Joseph P.; Cooper, Paul; Heald, Charles C. (2001). Pump Handbook (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9781591243618.

iii.                G.K. Chan, R.E Jones (1962). "Low-Temperature Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous Solids"

new proposal...:)(part 1)

ABSTRACT

This proposal is about how to build one machine that has very smart function. This proposal will show each step to realize the machine from the beginning until the end. The cost of each part to finish this project will be mark through this proposal.  For information, open burning is very harmful to earth today. Smoke that from open burning will effect to ozone layer and will produce acid rain. Acid rain is one type of environment contamination. Acid rain consists of dangerous chemical that can give diseases to people and construction. The chemicals in acid rain can cause paint to peel, corrosion of steel structures such as bridges, and erosion of stone statues. Because of this situation, one machine will be build by me and guiding by my supervisor. This machine is functioning as absorber the smokes that come from burning especially open burning. Smokes that come from burning process will absorbed by this machine by using water mist or water sprays. Moreover, this machine is using alternate current (AC) power supply, so it is flexible to bring to anywhere. This project consists of a few parts that present the function of each step. First step is chimney part to give the route to smoke and second part is absorber fan part. The fan will function and absorb  the smoke and send the smoke to the water mist or water spray system part to absorb the smoke and process to be a drop of water.

INTRODUCTION

First of all, I would like to thanks my supervisor that willing to conduct me to produce this machine. My supervisor’s name is Sir Abdul Halim B Abd Rahman. He is very cooperative supervisor. For this project, I had planned to build one machine that has best function. From my wish, I would like to settle this project smoothly, so I must plan it very well, from the beginning until the end. These machines have a few objectives that I must apply to make sure this machine is useful to all people. The main target is to build multifunction machine that can absorbed the smoke while make burning process. This machine consists of a few parts that need to combine. For the first part, it starts with kiln where the space for burning process and the smoke from burning process will flow to the chimneys that made from heat resistance material. At the end of the chimney, there had a fan that will pull up the smoke to the next stage where water spray system will function and absorb the smoke by use water and neutralize the water become a drop of water. This machine is environmental concept which means can reduce the problem about open burning. It can save the environmental from contamination.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

As we know, our ozone layer is not in good condition now. It is because the effects come mostly from open burning process. Ozone layer acts as protector to against harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. If ozone layer is not in good condition, people that stay on the earth surface will get the effect such as the temperature too high and ultraviolet radiation that can give disease to skin.  Other than that, problem with ozone layer also can give effect to building construction. So from this situation, project to build up machine that can absorbed all the smoke that come from burning process with using water mist will help the environment.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

From the research to internet and magazine, there still not have any product that can absorb smoke by using water mist (remove the smoke). As far now, it just only have a few machine can absorb the smoke but cannot remove the smoke. That machine just only absorbed the heat by using fan such as cooler fan that we use to cool down the laptop. Main target to build up this machine is focusing on open burning situation, for this situation, most of the people just used the water to reduce the fire but they did not care about the smokes that spread to ozone layer. So here, by combination a few step from all the open burning  process, with using this machine, it can absorbed the smoke by using water and neutralized all the smoke and lastly become water and the water will circulate to the tank that keep water for water spray system.

 METHODOLOGY

For this product, it is using alternate current (AC) power supply to operate. When the power is on, fan circuit will operate to pull up all the smoke and will allow the smoke go to pipe that have water mist system. At there, all the smoke will neutralized with that process. The water that comes from smoke neutralization process will be stagnant on water container and will be circulate for the next neutralization.

For this machine or this product, it must use the heat resistant material for make sure while the process runs the material will not melting because from the burning process, the heat must be very high. The shaft and the fan that need to be use must in heat resistant types. For the water mist/ water spray, this system is a highly effective extinguishing system that uses water and air to generate a fine water droplet. The Water Mist system uses less water than standard sprinkler systems and provides equivalent or better extinguishing characteristics than gas but without hazard to personnel. One of the characteristics this water mist system is uses less water per discharge than any conventional sprinkler. Post-discharge cleaning time is therefore negligible and consequential damages and losses are minimized. Operations can resume in the shortest time possible.

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROCESS

MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

i) absorber fan 240V

-         -  This absorber fan used at the second stage where the fan will rolling and absorb the smoke and will sent   straight to the next stage that water spray system stay.

-         -  This fan need source from alternate current (AC) to function.

-         -  Material for this fan is come from heat resistance material that can bear from heat that comes from burning process. 

PROPOSAL...:)

NAME OF STUDENT: NOR WAHIDATUL HAQ BT MOHD RUSLAN

ID NUMBER: 51211210220

NAME OF SUPERVISOR:  ABDUL HALIM B ABD RAHMAN

TITLE OF PROJECT: AUTOMATIC SMOKE ABSORBER MACHINE

ABSTRACT:

This proposal is about how to build one machine that has very smart function. As we can see, open burning is very harmful to our earth today. Smoke that from open burning will effect our ozone layer and will produce acid rain. This machine is functioning as absorber the smokes that come from burning. Smokes that come from burning process will absorbed by this machine by using water mist/ water sprays. Moreover, this machine is using alternate current (AC) power supply, so it is flexible to bring to anywhere.

INTRODUCTION:

First of all, I would like to thanks my supervisor that willing to conduct me to produce this machine. My supervisor’s name is Sir Abdul Halim B Abdul Rahman. He is very cooperative supervisor. For this project, I had planned to build one machine that has best function. From my wish, I would like to settle this project smoothly, so I must plan it very well, from the beginning until the end. These machines have a few objectives that I must apply to make sure this machine is useful to all people. The main target is to build multifunction machine that can absorbed the smoke while make burning process.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

As we know, our ozone layer is not in good condition now. It is because the effects come mostly from open burning process. Ozone layer acts as protector to against harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. If our ozone layer is not in good condition, we that stay of earth surface will get the effect such as the temperature too high and ultraviolet radiation that can give disease to our skin.  So from this situation, I wish to build up machine that can absorbed all the smoke that come from burning process with using water mist.

LITERATURE REVIEW:

From on my research to internet and magazine, I had not found anything about smoke absorber machine by using water mist. As far now, I just found that machine can absorbed the smoke but did not removed the smoke. That machine just only absorbed the heat by using fan such as cooler fan that we use to cool down the laptop. For my main target is a open burning situation, for this situation, we can see that most of the people just used the water to reduce the fire but they did not care about the smokes that spread to ozone layer. So here, I want to combine the process, by using this machine, it can absorbed the smoke by using water and neutralized all the smoke and lastly become water.

METHODOLOGY:

For this product, it is using alternate current (AC) power supply to operate. When the power is on, fan circuit will operate to pull up all the smoke and will allow the smoke go to pipe that have water mist system. At there, all the smoke will neutralized with that process. The water that comes from smoke neutralization process will be stagnant on water container and will be circulate for the next neutralization.

As we know, to this machine or this product, I must use the heat resistant material for make sure while the process runs the material will not melting because from the burning, the heat must be very high. The shaft and the fan that I want use must be heat resistant types. For the water mist/ water spray, this system is a highly effective extinguishing system that uses water and air to generate a fine water droplet. The Water Mist system uses less water than standard sprinkler systems and provides equivalent or better extinguishing characteristics than gas but without hazard to personnel. One of the characteristics this water mist system is uses less water per discharge than any conventional sprinkler. Post-discharge cleaning time is therefore negligible and consequential damages and losses are minimized. Operations can resume in the shortest time possible.

OBJECTIVE:

-      -  To build one multifunction machine name as automatic smoke absorber machine.

-      -  This machine absorbs the smokes automatically by using water mist or water spray.

-      - To build one product that can save the environment

CONCLUSION:

For the conclusion, the product name as automatic smoke absorber machine. The main focus to build up this machine is to create something new that very useful to most of the people around the world that very loved to breathe in the good air. It is a multifunction machine. This machine will pull up the smoke that comes from burning process and absorbed the smoke with the neutralization process using water mist/ water sprays. This machine is a environmental concept. Main focus to I build this machine to save our environment that more and more worst day by day. As a lover to healthy environment, I wish to build up this machine for my final year projects. I hope I can fulfil my wish as I planned.

REFERENCE:

i)                   http://electroschematics.com/5450/smart-smoke-sensor-alarm/

ii)                  www.wikipedia.com/smoke-sensor